The Department for Transport (DfT) “has neither the necessary urgency nor appreciates the scale of the challenge ahead” about the future of rail, according to a scathing new report published today (7/7/21) by the Public Accounts Committee.

MPs on the cross-party committee have repeatedly highlighted how passengers are too often an afterthought in major rail projects. They say the aftermath of Covid and the end of franchising offer options to deliver better services for passengers in a way that meets new travel demands, but the DfT now faces “an extremely challenging and uncertain environment in which to implement its proposed reforms”.  

The English rail system has “suffered from a lack of strategic direction and accountability for many years” and “struggled to improve service reliability, quality and flexibility” with “delivery of services not sufficiently focused on the needs of passengers”, says the committee’s report.  

The report also claims that massively increasing expense to the taxpayer in the English rail system has not been matched with sufficient transparency about costs and revenues to “inform proper oversight” in an area with “this extent of taxpayer exposure”. 

The committee says that costs to the taxpayer in the failed franchise system almost doubled from 2015 to £5.1bn in 2019-20, with another £8.5bn of government financial support provided after the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic finally collapsed the previous delivery model.  

But the committee says it is now unclear that the DfT’s plan for railways during the transition to a new system “fairly distributes risks between government and operators, or provides incentives for operators to deliver efficient, high-quality, and value-for-money passenger services.” 

DfT also “lacks a convincing and timely plan for encouraging passengers back to the railway as part of Covid-19 recovery” and this, combined with a “disappointing lack of progress in agreeing a specific and funded plan for rail electrification” pose further risk to the government’s own net zero targets.  

Dame Meg Hillier, chair of the Public Accounts Committee, said: “Decent public transport is crucial to both household and national economies. Rail reform won’t work if it doesn’t work for tax-payers and fare-paying passengers, and the government won’t achieve its economic and environmental goals without effective rail reform. 

“There is everything to play for in delivering a rail system that delivers for passengers and encourages greener travel. But there are still many moving parts and a huge challenge to balance costs. The government needs to show it can act with urgency and put passengers’ experience at the centre of its reforms."

The railway industry has welcomed the committee’s support for rail decarbonisation, with the MPs report highlighting a “disappointing lack of progress in agreeing a specific and funded plan for rail electrification,” and also pointing to a "'feast or famine' approach” in electrification projects “which has directly caused boom and bust problems in the supply chain for the SMEs involved in the delivery of these projects and uncertainty for procurement of rolling stock.”

Darren Caplan, chief executive of the Railway Industry Association (RIA), said: “It is positive to see the Public Accounts Committee making the case for a consistent programme of electrification work. Alongside battery and hydrogen train fleet orders, electrification is essential if we are to meet the government’s Net Zero decarbonisation goals. As the committee highlights, delivering a rolling programme of work, without the ‘boom and bust’ investment profiles we’ve seen in the past, is a cost-effective way to electrify the UK’s intensively used rail lines. This certainty will also help to retain key skills and enable innovation, supporting green jobs and economic growth at this crucial time.

“We look forward to working with the government to build on these recommendations, and to deliver on the decarbonisation of the rail network ahead of COP26 at good value for the taxpayer, as our Rail Decarbonisation 21 campaign calls for.”

Click here to read the report’s conclusions and recommendations.

Click here to read the Public Accounts Committee full report: Overview of the English rail system.